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Italian Islands of the Aegean
The Italian Islands of the Aegean ((イタリア語:Isole italiane dell'Egeo), (ギリシア語:Ιταλικά νησιά του Αιγαίου)), were a group of twelve major islands (the Dodecanese) in the southeastern Aegean Sea, which –– together with the surrounding islets – belonged to the Kingdom of Italy from 1912 to 1943.
==Background==
The Dodecanese, except Kastellorizo, were occupied by Italy during the Italo-Turkish War of 1912. Italy had agreed to return the islands to the Ottoman Empire according to the Treaty of Ouchy in 1912;〔(Treaty of Ouchy (1912), also known as the First Treaty of Lausanne )〕 however the vagueness of the text allowed a provisional Italian administration of the islands, and Turkey eventually renounced all claims on the Dodecanese with Article 15 of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. Kastellorizo was temporarily occupied by France in World War I and was annexed to Italy from the Ottoman Empire in 1919.〔(Full text of the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) )〕 The Dodecanese were formally annexed by Fascist Italy, as the ''Possedimenti Italiani dell'Egeo''.
Italian interest in the Dodecanese was rooted in strategic purposes, and the islands were intended to further the Empire's long range imperial policy. The islands of Leros and Patmos were used as bases for the Royal Italian Navy.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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